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Analysis of scapula and muscle

2019-01-28 09:40:32 2221

The muscles that lift the scapula are:

Trapezius (upper), levator scapulae and rhomboid muscles

The muscles that can lower the scapula are:

Trapezius (lower), pectoralis minor, serratus anterior, latissimus dorsi

The muscles that retract the scapula are:

Trapezius, rhomboid and levator scapulae

The muscles that extend the scapula forward are:

Pectoralis minor and serratus anterior

The muscles that enable suprascapular rotation are:

Trapezius and serratus anterior

The muscles that can rotate under the scapula are:

Levator scapulae, pectoralis minor and rhomboid muscles

In addition to the above muscles, there are also muscles attached to the scapula:

Deltoid, biceps brachii, triceps brachii, subscapular, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres major, teres minor, coracobrachial, scapulohyoid, latissimus dorsi

All together, there are 16 muscles! The following is their introduction one by one:

The trapezius muscle

Starting point:
External occipital eminence, medial 1/3 of the superior nape line, nape ligament, spinous processes from C7 to T12止点:

Lateral clavicle 1/3, acromion and scapular spine

function:

Head and neck extension (bilateral contraction)头颈部侧屈及向对侧回旋（单侧收缩）
Uplift scapula, suprascapular gyration (upper fibers)下拉肩胛骨，肩胛骨上回旋（下部纤维）
Scapula retracted, spine straightened (overall contraction)

Innervation

Medial and lateral thoracic nerves

The 5th cervical-1st thoracic nerve (C5-T1)

Levator scapula

Starting point:

1-4 cervical transverse process

Stop point:

Superior angle of scapula

function:

Uplift scapula, subscapular gyration, neck extension, lateral flexion and ipsilateral gyration

Innervation

Dorsal scapular nerve

Nerve 3-5 (C3-C5)

Rhomboid muscle (composed of large and small rhomboids)

Attachment point

Starting point of rhomboid muscle: C7-T1 spinous process

Beginning point of rhomboid muscle: T2~T5 spinous process

Insertion: medial edge of scapula (rhomboid muscle)

function

Rear extension, upper lift and lower circumflex scapula

Innervation

Dorsal scapular nerve

4-5 cervical nerve (C4-C5)

Serratus anterior

Attachment point

Starting point: outside of the upper 8 or 9 ribs

Endpoint: rib surface of medial scapula

function

Protrusion, Upper Rotation and Downward Scapula

Inspiratory aid

Innervation

Long thoracic nerve

Cervical nerve 5-8 (C5-C8)

The deltoid

Attachment point

Starting point: lateral clavicle 1/3, acromion and scapular spine

Insertion: deltoid trochanter

function

Abduction of shoulder joint (all muscle fibers)

Shoulder flexion, shoulder rotation, shoulder horizontal adduction (front)

Shoulder Extension, Shoulder External Rotation, Shoulder Horizontal Extension (Back)

Innervation

Axillary nerve

Nerve 5-6 (C5-C6)

Greater teres muscle

Attachment point

Starting point: lateral lower edge of scapula

Endpoint: medial lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus

function

Shoulder adduction, shoulder extension and shoulder rotation

Innervation

Inferior subscapular nerve

Rostral brachial muscle

Attachment point

Starting point: coracoid process of scapula

Endpoint: 1/3 medial surface of humerus

function

Shoulder flexion and shoulder adduction

Innervation

Musculocutaneous nerve

Nerve 5-7 (C5-C7)

The biceps brachii

Attachment point

Long head starting point: suprapubic nodule of scapula

Starting point of short head: coracoid process of scapula

Endpoint: Radial trochanter and biceps brachii aponeurosis covering the common

flexor tendon

function

Shoulder flexion, elbow flexion, forearm supination

Shoulder abduction (long head)

Shoulder adduction (short head)

Innervation

Musculocutaneous nerve

Pectoralis minor

Attachment point

Starting point: 3rd to 5th ribs

Endpoint: coracoid process of scapula

function

Protrusion and descent of scapula

Subscapular gyration

Lifting ribs and assisting inhalation

Innervation

Lateral and medial thoracic nerves

The 5th to 8th cervical and 1st thoracic nerves (C5 to T1)

Supraspinatus muscle

Attachment point

Endpoint: greater tubercle of humerus

function

shoulder abduction

Innervation

Suprascapular nerve

Nerve 5-6 (C5-C6)

Infraspinatus muscle

Attachment point

Starting point: infraspinal fossa of scapula

Endpoint: greater tubercle of humerus

function

Shoulder rotation, shoulder adduction, shoulder extension, shoulder horizontal

Innervation

Suprascapular nerve

Nerve 5-6 (C5-C6)

Musculus teres minor

Attachment point

Starting point: upper lateral margin of scapula

Endpoint: greater tubercle of humerus

function

Shoulder rotation, shoulder adduction, shoulder extension, shoulder horizontal abduction

Innervation

Axillary nerve

Nerve 5-6 (C5-C6)

Inferior scapular muscles

Attachment point

Starting point: subscapular fossa

Endpoint: tubercle of humerus

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